When a child receives the diagnosis of diabetes it can be devastating to the family members and confusing for the child. The diagnosis is a life changing event for the child and for the family members. Many individuals become frightened or feel overwhelmed when trying to deal with a child’s diagnosis of diabetes. Children who have diabetes can have a normal childhood with training and proper preparation.
Type 1 diabetes is the usual diagnosis when kids have the disease. Your child’s body no longer manufacturers the insulin that your child’s body needs to function properly. Your child will have to be given the insulin usually through injection (shots).
One type of insulin is the fixed dose of intermediate and rapid-acting insulin’s. These fixed doses of insulin have to be given to your child at meals when the time of insulin peak action is usually needed. Mealtime should be at the same time each day and should be the same proportions of carbs, fats, and proteins.
Long acting insulin’s such as Lantus will also need to take rapid acting insulin doses at meals. The amount of rapid acting insulin is calculated depending on the carbohydrate content of the meal. Some kids will use insulin pumps and will also need rapid-acting insulin dose before eating a meal based on the carbohydrate content of the meal.
It is very important that the blood glucose test is done before meals and then again at bedtime. Your child’s doctor may adjust this testing schedule according to your child’s history of hypoglycemia. Children are at an increased risk for hypoglycemia.
A journal should be kept detailing the meal, what the child ate, and the blood glucose numbers, times they were tested and any physical activities the child participated in that day so that a “complete picture” can be revealed of which the child’s doctor will be able to use to adjust dosage and timing of testing.
Because children with type 1 diabetes are at high risk for hypoglycemia it is important that all family members be able to recognize the symptoms of hypoglycemia. The symptoms of hypoglycemia are irritability, shakiness, weakness, lack of coordination, drowsiness or confusion, headache, dizziness, double vision, convulsions, or unconsciousness. The blood glucose level when tested is 70 or below.
Young kids usually cannot understand when they are experiencing the symptoms of hypoglycemia or they are not able to adequately express what is wrong.
If after testing your child’s blood glucose level you discover that it is 70 or below, you should have them drink or eat something that has sugar in it to help raise the blood glucose level. Some things to give a child with low glucose are two to four pieces of hard candy, half a can of regular soda, 1/2 cup of orange juice or other sweet juice such as grape juice. Juice boxes are good for this. You can also give one to two tablespoons of honey or 7 to 10 jellybeans.
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